Assam: Kuki Refugees Returning to Manipur Amid Renewed Calls to Address Illegal Migration
The Karbi Anglong Autonomous Council (KAAC) in Assam has initiated the return of over a thousand Kuki-Zo refugees who fled Manipur during the violent clashes of May 2023. So far, 700 refugees have been facilitated back to Manipur, with plans to repatriate an additional 1,000 in the coming days. This move underscores the necessity of addressing larger migration and displacement challenges in the region, particularly the issue of illegal immigration from Bangladesh.
The KAAC’s Stand on Kuki Refugees
KAAC Chief Tuliram Ronghang announced the initiative during a recent land rights distribution event in Japrajan. He clarified that the Council is focused on facilitating the safe return of refugees rather than enforcing evictions. He assured stakeholders that no action would be taken without consultations with Kuki leaders and relevant organizations.
The KAAC emphasized that land rights in Karbi Anglong would only be granted to permanent residents or those who have lived in the district since its establishment. Ronghang stated, “Individuals migrating from outside the district, particularly those from Manipur, will not be entitled to land rights under our initiative.”
Broader Concerns Over Illegal Migration
While the KAAC’s efforts are centered on the Kuki-Zo refugees, the issue of illegal Bangladeshi immigrants remains a pressing concern for Assam and the northeastern states. Over decades, large-scale migration from Bangladesh has altered the region’s demographic landscape, raising fears about cultural erosion and land encroachments.
Critics argue that the presence of illegal Bangladeshi immigrants poses a long-term threat to the indigenous population and regional stability. Many believe the same urgency shown in repatriating the Kuki refugees should also apply to identifying and deporting illegal Bangladeshi migrants. Several advocacy groups have called for enhanced border security and stricter implementation of laws to curb illegal immigration.
The Situation in Manipur and Assam
The violence in Manipur earlier this year displaced tens of thousands of people and claimed over 250 lives. Many Kukis fled to neighboring states, including Assam, seeking safety. While the KAAC is working to restore normalcy by facilitating their return, a similar focus on illegal immigrants from Bangladesh could further stabilize the region.
Assam, in particular, has borne the brunt of illegal migration for decades. The unchecked influx has strained resources, displaced indigenous communities, and created socio-political unrest. Strong measures, including deportation and coordinated action with Bangladesh, are essential to preserve the cultural and demographic integrity of the northeastern states.
Criticism and Calls for Broader Action
While the KAAC’s initiative to repatriate Kuki refugees has been largely welcomed, it has also faced criticism. JI Kathar, President of the All Party Hill Leaders Conference (APHLC), accused the Council of bias. He claimed that while the government remains indifferent to the plight of displaced Kukis, it has also failed to address the larger issue of illegal Bangladeshi immigrants.
Kathar stated, “Meanwhile, the influx of Bangladeshis continues unchecked.”
Security and Future Measures
The KAAC has ensured that the return of refugees is conducted under tight security, with transportation costs covered by the Council. Refugees’ departure is being organized in phases, prioritizing safety and efficiency. However, many believe that similar urgency is needed in tackling illegal immigration from Bangladesh.
Experts suggest that identifying illegal immigrants, strengthening border controls, and implementing robust deportation policies are critical steps. Collaborating with Bangladesh to ensure the safe return of illegal immigrants is equally important.
The repatriation of Kuki-Zo refugees highlights Assam’s commitment to restoring stability in the region. However, the issue of illegal Bangladeshi immigrants remains unresolved and poses a significant challenge. Addressing this concern is essential to safeguarding the region’s indigenous communities, cultural heritage, and resources. With strong political will and coordinated efforts, Assam can set an example for tackling both internal displacement and illegal migration.